资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
中国海油上调今年产量目标和资本支出预算 聚焦油气增储上产、绿色低碳转型****** 记者 向炎涛 1月11日晚,中国海油公布了2023年经营策略和发展计划。今年,公司上调产量目标和资本支出预算,净产量目标为650百万桶油当量至660百万桶油当量,其中中国约占70%、海外约占30%。2024年和2025年,公司净产量预计将分别达690百万桶油当量至700百万桶油当量和730百万桶油当量至740百万桶油当量。 此外,2023年中国海油的资本支出预算总额为人民币1000亿元至1100亿元,其中,勘探、开发、生产资本化和其他资本支出预计分别占资本支出预算总额的约18%、59%、21%和2%。 中国海油首席财务官谢尉志对《证券日报》记者表示,近几年公司资本开支会维持在每年1000亿元左右,根据当年项目开发情况或会有一定波动。到2025年,公司石油产量将维持每年6%的复合增长率,达到日产量200万桶。 2022年,受益于国际油价上涨,中国海油实现了业绩大幅增长。2022年前三季度,公司实现未经审计的油气销售收入约人民币2658.9亿元,同比上升67.6%;归属于母公司股东的净利润达人民币1087.7亿元,同比上升105.9%。 谈及2023年国际油价,中国海油首席执行官周心怀表示,全球和中国石油需求已恢复疫情前水平,并将持续增长。近五年全球上游投资严重不足,短时间内释放产能的能力或有一定滞后性,供给端整体上将处于紧平衡偏紧状态。此外,欧佩克+虽具备一定油价调和能力,但由于其不接受低油价,所以2023年大概率会维持高位震荡的油价局势。 根据中国海油披露,2023年年内,公司预计将有9个新项目投产,主要包括中国的渤中19-6凝析气田I期开发项目、陆丰12-3油田开发项目和恩平18-6油田开发项目,以及海外的圭亚那Payara项目、巴西Buzios5项目和巴西Mero2项目等。 2022年12月22日,中国海油公告,公司全资子公司中海油(海南)新能源有限公司(以下简称“新能源公司”)拟以自有资金人民币15.18亿元购买公司实际控制人中国海油集团公司的全资子公司中国海洋石油东海有限公司所持中核汇海风电投资有限公司(以下简称“中核汇海”)40%股权,交易完成后,新能源公司将持有中核汇海40%股权,中核汇海将成为公司参股公司。 谢尉志表示,公司去年把母公司经营的新能源项目通过并购纳入到公司业务,公司新能源业务发展目标不变,即在做好传统油气业务的基础上,选择海上风电业务探索发展新能源业务,将用每年资本开支的10%用于海上风电业务。 中国海油表示,公司持续推进绿色低碳发展,积极拓展新能源业务。稳步推进岸电入海工程,降低油气生产过程的温室气体排放;自主开发海南CZ7集中式海上风电示范项目,建成后每年可为电网提供清洁电能约50亿千瓦时,减少二氧化碳约264万吨。 周心怀表示,“新的一年,中国海油将坚持稳中求进总基调,奋力实施‘油气增储上产、科技自主创新、绿色低碳转型’三大工程,扎实推进‘提质增效升级’行动,加快推动公司核心竞争力建设,为股东创造更大价值。” (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |